Evidence from Qur'an and Sunnah
 

Sports:

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“A strong believer is better and dearer to Allah than a weak one.”
(Reported by Muslim)

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“So shoot and ride, but your shooting is dearer to me than your riding.” (Reported by At-Tirmidhi)

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

Allah said: “And make ready against them all you can of power., then he (the prophet) said: Hearken! power consists in archery, power consists in archery, power consists in archery.”
(Reported by Muslim)

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“Everything with which a man amuses himself is vain except three (things): a man's training of his horse, his playing with his wife, and his shooting with his bow and arrow.”
(Reported by Abu Dawud)

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“Wager is allowed only in shooting arrows or racing camels, or hoof (i. e. horse, ass, and mule).” (Reported by At-Tirmidhi)

Salamah Ibn Al-Akwa` (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated:

“The Prophet passed by some persons of the tribe of Aslam practicing archery (i.e. the throwing of arrows) Allah's Messenger said: O offspring of Ishmael! Practice archery (i.e. arrow throwing) as your father was a great archer (i.e. arrow-thrower). I am with (on the side of) the sons of so and so. Hearing that, one of the two teams stopped throwing. Allah's Messenger asked them: Why are you not throwing? They replied: O Allah's Messenger! How shall we throw when you are with the opposite team? He said: Throw, for I am with you all.”
(Reported by Al-Bukhari)

`Ali Ibn Rukanah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated:

“Rukanah wrestled with the Prophet (peace be upon him) and the Prophet (peace be upon him) threw him on the ground.”
(Reported by At-Tirmidhi)

Good manners toward sleeping:

Abu Barzah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated:

“The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) considered it to be a disapproved act to sleep immediately before the Evening prayer or indulge in conversation after it.” (Reported by Al-Bukhari)

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“If you go to bed perform the ablution for prayer, and then lie down on your right side.” (Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) used to say this supplication when he went to bed at night:

“With Your Name, O Allah, I expire and return to life.”
(Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

On waking up, he used to say:

“All praise belongs to Allah Who has resorted us back to life after causing us to die. Towards Him shall we return.”
(Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Upon going to bed, he would lie down on his right side and say:

“O Allah! I have submitted myself to You. I have turned my face to You, entrusted my affairs to You and committed my back to You out of desire and fear of You (expecting Your reward and fearing Your punishment). There is no resort and no deliverer from (hardships) except You. I affirm my faith in Your Book which You have revealed and in Your Prophet whom You have sent.”
(Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Ya`ish Ibn Tikhfah Al-Ghifari (may Allah be pleased with him) nattated:

“While I was lying in the mosque on my stomach, a man began to shake me with his foot and then said: This is a method of lying which Allah hates. I looked and saw that he was the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him).” (Reported by Abu Dawud)

The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to Fatimah and `Ali (may Allah be pleased with both of them) when they asked him for a servant to help them in the housework:

“Shall I teach you a thing which is better than what you have asked me? When you go to bed, say: Allahu Akbar thirty-four times, and Subhan Allah thirty-three times, and Al-Hamdu Lillah thirty-three times for that is better for you both than a servant.” (Reported by Muslim)

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“Whoever gets up at night and says: La Ilaha Illa Allah Wahdahu La Sharika Lahu, Lahu Al-Mulk, Wa Lahu Al-Hamd Wa Huwa `Ala Kulli Shay’in Qadir. Al-Hamdu Lillahi Wa Subhanallahi Wa La Ilaha Illallah Wal-Lahu Akbar Wa La Hawla Wa La Quwwata Illa Billah. (None has the right to be worshipped but Allah. He is the Only One and has no partners . For Him is the Kingdom and all the praises are due for Him. He is Omnipotent. All the praises are for Allah. All the glories are for Allah. And none has the right to be worshipped but Allah, And Allah is the Greatest and there is neither Might nor Power except with Allah), and then says: Allahumma, Ighfir Li (O Allah! Forgive me), or invokes (Allah), he will be responded to.” (Reported by Al-Bukhari)

Ibn `Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated:

“The Prophet slept till midnight or nearly so and woke up rubbing his face and recited the last ten verses from Surah Al-`Imran. The Prophet, then, went towards a leather skin and performed ablution in the most perfect way and then stood for the prayer.”
(Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Proper manners toward illness:

Invocation and Ruqyah
 (Divine speech recited as a means of incantation):

`A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that whenever the Prophet (peace be upon him) paid a visit to a patient or a patient is brought to him, he would invoke Allah saying:

“O Allah! The Rabb (the Deity Who created everything) of mankind! Remove this disease and cure (him or her)! You are the Great Curer. There is no cure but through You, which leaves behind no disease.” (Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

`Uthman Ibn Abi Al-`As (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated:

“I complained to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) about a pain I had in my body.” The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, “Place your hand where you feel pain and say: Bismillah (In the Name of Allah) three times; and then repeat seven times: I seek refuge with Allah and with His Power from the evil that afflicts me and that which I beware (to take place in the future) (i.e. grief and fear).” (Reported by Muslim)

Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that Jibril (Gabriel) came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and said:

“O Muhammad (peace be upon him)! Do you feel sick?” He (peace be upon him) said: Yes. Jibril supplicated thus (i.e., he performed Ruqyah): Bismillahi Arqika, Min Kulli Shay’in Yu’dhika, Min Sharri Kulli Nafsin Aw `Ayni Hasidin, Allahu Yashfika, Bismillahi Arqika. [With the Name of Allah. I recite over you (to cleanse you) from all that troubles you, and from every harmful Nafs (a person or a soul), and from the evil of the eyes of an envier. Allah will cure you; and with the Name of Allah, I recite over you].” (Reported by Muslim)

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“There is no harm in the Ruqyah which does not smack of polytheism.” (Reported by Muslim)

`Abdullah Ibn Mas`ud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated:

“I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) saying: Spells, charms, and love-potions are polytheism.”
(Reported by Abu Dawud)

`Abdullah Ibn Mas`ud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated:

“The Prophet (peace be upon him) disliked ten things: Yellow coloring, meaning Khaluq (a kind of perfume), dyeing grey hair, trailing the lower garment, wearing a gold signet-ring, a woman decking herself before people who are not within the prohibited degrees, throwing dice, using spells except with the Mu`awwidhatayn (Surah Al-Falaq and Surah An-Nas), wearing amulets, withdrawing the penis before the semen is discharged, in the case of a woman who is a wife or not a wife (a female slave), and having intercourse with a woman who is suckling a child; but he did not declare this to be prohibited.” (Reported by Abu Dawud)

Taking medicine:

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“Allah has sent down both the disease and the cure, and He has appointed a cure for every disease, so treat yourselves medically, but use nothing unlawful.” (Reported by Abu Dawud)

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“There is no disease that Allah has created, except that He also has created its treatment.” (Reported by Al-Bukhari)

Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated:

“The Prophet (peace be upon him) sent a physician to Ubayy Ibn Ka`b and he cut his vein and then cauterized it.” (Reported by Muslim)

Isolating the ill persons:

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“Do not put a patient with a healthy person (as a precaution).”
(Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“If plague breaks out in a land, do not enter it, and if it appears in land in which you happen to be, do not leave it.”
(Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

  Visiting the ill person:

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“Visit the sick, feed the hungry, and (arrange for the) release of the captive.” (Reported by Al-Bukhari)

Whenever the Prophet (peace be upon him) visited an ailing person, he would say:

“No harm, (it will be a) purification (from sins), if Allah wills.”
(Reported by Al-Bukhari)

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

“None of you should die but with a good thought about Allah, the Exalted and Almighty.” (Reported by Muslim)